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We eat food when we are hungry. Eating food is basic activity that every organism follow to meet its energy need. The food that we eat gets converted in to different compounds. The carbohydrate released after digestion is converted into glucose and these glucose get into the blood stream and it reaches each body cells. And in the presence of oxygen carry out the metabolism. Each cell needs particular quantity of glucose based on its energy need. For example the muscle cells need high rate of glucose. The remaining glucose will be in the blood and later it will be converted into glycogen and stored in liver. The whole process is controlled by Insulin. The beta cells of pancreas produce insulin. Insulin works as a key which opens the doors of cells for glucose to enter to carry out metabolism and to produces energy.
Diabetes is the condition of a human body where sufficient insulin is not produced and the processing of glucose is not carried out properly, resulting in a high level glucose in blood stream.
Diabetics are of 2 types. Type 1:- Which is also called Juvenile diabetics in which beta cells are inefficient to produce insulin. Next one is type 2:- In which insulin is produced but inefficient to perform its duty.
In both the cases the excessive glucose in blood combines with haemoglobin in blood to form glycosylated haemoglobin which blocks the narrow blood vessels. The cells near to this narrow blood vessel will not get necessary nutrients, minerals ,blood and oxygen supply and thereby these cells degenerate. This mainly affects narrow blood vessel like that of retina and results in retinopathy when it affect kidney system it is neuropathy
Some Precautions you can take:-
Know your Calories.
You must know the calories you can take. Eating too much will result in high glucose level in blood. The calories one can take can be known by consulting a dietician.
Know your number.
Know your average glucose level HbA1C. A diabetic patient must understand this number. Excess glucose in blood combines with haemoglobin forms glycosylated haemoglobin. The red blood cell lives 8-12 weeks before it is replaced by new red blood cell. Therefore by testing glucose level in blood with in 8-12 weeks it is easy to understand the blood glucose level. HbA1C is the average blood glucose level over the last 8-12 weeks. The normal level of HbA1C is less than 6.5%.
Regular Exercise.
Regular exercise is very important to keep your diabetics under control. The amount of glucose in blood can be maintained easily through regular exercise. Through a daily work out in gym you could burn excessive glucose in blood. It is not necessary you should go to gym, the steps like walking to the shortest distance with out burning petrol in your car but burning your glucose is very useful.
Don’t skip breakfast.
Eat your morning food properly. Morning food is very important since skipping it can lead to excessive intake of food in an irregular way. Studies proved that taking right calorie of morning food can even avoid the chance of obesity. If we can’t eat our morning food the craving of the body for energy will be high and to supply this needs we will eat the rest of the day more than what we need.
Hereditary diabetics
Those who having chances of diabetics in future can delay its course of occurrence through regular exercise and by regulating life style. Knowing your calories and through a regular check up you can keep diabetics under control.
Life style.
Diabetics is a life style disease. It comes in the category of life style diseases like cholesterol, blood pressure etc. Changing life style can help to a great extend to reduce diabetics. Eating 3 times a day only and avoiding calorie rich junk food items etc are good to keep diabetics in control or to avoid its occurrence.
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